Many people know how to look at the veins of the legs with veins defeat. But tumidus bruise blood appear in the patients at one time. The disease develops gradually, and, therefore, a worsening of the state can not afford. Knowing how to seem to the stage of varicose veins on the legs, such measures help to stop the disease, each of which can take care of your health. Timely recourse to the doctor, and the change of lifestyle save you from complications and visual impairment.
Phase of the disease
Varicose disease of the veins of the lower limbs develops gradually. A set of symptoms of this malocclusion vascular is part of stage within. In the classification describe the stages of varicose veins of the lower limbs:
- Phase 1 – payment;
- Phase 2 – subcompensated;
- 3 phase – failure.
Sometimes the complications of the disease refers to events of the 4 stages of varicose veins.
Some patients call phase in degrees. In fact for degrees assess the severity of the manifestations of chronic venous insufficiency:
- 0 the degree of failure is missing;
- 1 — manifestation of the syndrome of "heavy legs";
- 2 — unstable swelling;
- 3 — persistent swelling, the appearance of hyperpigmentation, the defeat of the subcutaneous tissue, eczema;
- 4 – appearance of venous ulcers.
To get an idea of how it develops the disease, it is necessary to consider carefully the photos of the stages of varicose veins and dwell on the description of signs of this malocclusion vascular.
1 stage
Description the first phase of varicose veins deserves the maximum attention because of the occurrence of the variations of this level often goes unnoticed. The appearance of the limbs is not changed. The people, all of whom have emerged similar symptoms, are in no hurry to go see a doctor and to change something in his life, habits. This leads to a loss of valuable time and resources of his / her body. Because it is in the first phase of varicose veins is possible to face the disease with minimal losses.
The symptoms
You should pay attention to these signs:
- Walk occurs a feeling of heaviness.
- Appears the pain in the area of the legs, the feet "tired".
- Swelling of the feet and ankles.
- Muscle cramps of the calf during the night.
- On the skin visible varicose veins, retina.
The discomfort in the legs with varicose veins 1 measures are shown in the evening or after the high load: if the person long-standing or walking for long distances. The disease is found in the status field, normal activities don't suffer. Therefore, the patients describe the symptoms as they occur at the end of a hard day and not give them importance.
Note!
After a night of sleep or rest discomfort and swelling pass. Small venous "asterisk" on his legs or hips, are perceived as an aesthetic defect, it is not a pretext to seek medical help. Therefore, complaints in this stage of varicose veins no. His luck patients assessed as "tired" or "that feature the legs".
Treatment
In the first stage of varicose veins, requires the advice of a vascular surgeon. The treatment includes:
- The therapeutic use of knitwear for continuous use. In this phase it is necessary to choose the products of class 1 compression. They wear helps to normalize the blood flow from the lower part of the legs and the stop and prevents the further development of the disease.
- Physiotherapy. The procedure assigns phlebologist; well-proven use of magnetic therapy. Also for the initial expressions recommend to keep laser therapy helps to combat the latest vascular asterisks.
- The assignment of the courses of the drugs, by acting on the vascular wall
- Sclerotherapy and microsclerotherapy. If the signs of varicose veins pass bonding affected veins, introducing in them the ground of a special substance – sclerosant.
- Hydrotherapy: fresh, bath tubs, contrast showers at night to relieve the swelling and improve the tone of veins.
Note!
A change of life-style: the normalization of body weight, hormone levels, give up bad habits, and also physical exercises aimed at the stimulation of the outflow of blood, the blood of vienna in the legs, reduce the risk of progression of varicose veins.
2 phase
If you do not take any action, vascular disease lead to a change in the wall of the vein, the valves can not cope with an increased load. The symptoms of the first phase become more pronounced, are added new. The disease starts limiting the vital functions. Varicose veins enters the stage of subcompensation.
The symptoms
Patients in this stage stress:
- The swelling of the legs.
- Pain in the legs.
- Feeling human fullness in the area of the legs.
- Frequent leg cramps during the night hours.
- Broken the eruption, the sensitivity in the legs, appear "goose bumps".
- The legs are visible increased blue veins.
For varicose veins 2 degrees typical saving of unpleasant symptoms and after a proper rest. Thus, the swelling of the legs for a night does not pass, the pain begins to occur even after the usual loads.
On the disease eloquently put it, the veins protruding on the lower extremities. Are visible on the posterior surface of the tibia in the popliteal fossa, the inner surface of the thigh. The skin above it pierced, the veins may itch, occurs numbness are possible initial manifestations of pigmentation. Varicose veins most often affects the blood vessels of both legs, but there are unilateral manifestations.
Treatment
The second phase of the varicose veins requires the constant wearing of underwear of compression class 2. This jersey has a more pronounced compressis action, preventing the development of structural changes in the walls of the veins and the deformation of the valves. After the holding, operating or non-surgical treatment, the doctor may recommend the use of elastic bandages.
- The pharmacological treatment at this stage of varicose veins on the legs will not be as effective as the initial expressions. Recommend the assignment venotonic and vascular drugs.
- § Irudoterapia. The application of leeches can improve the properties of the blood, reduce the violation of the circulation of the blood and swelling.
- The sclerotherapy.
- Short of stripping – the removal operation phases of the affected vein.
- The use of non-surgical method Foam-form. The essence of the procedure is to introduce into the affected large veins foam of the sclerosing. Injection of substances to cover the blood vessels.
- Hydrotherapy, contrast showers.
3 phase
When you switch to varicose veins in the third stage, the symptoms of lesions of the veins of the legs are presented to the stagnant phenomena and violation of nutrition of tissues. Expressed changes of the skin in the stage of decompensation easy to see with the naked eye. The development of varicose veins 3 substantially limiting the vital functions of the patient.
The symptoms
Here are the clinical signs of this phase:
- In the course of the veins observed severe pain.
- Swelling of the legs are permanent.
- Patients stress expressed heaviness in the lower limbs.
- Feeling of swelling, pain and discomfort, almost always, the rest does not improve the condition of the feet.
- Night you experience frequent leg cramps.
- Veins start bulging, are extended in whole or in separate sections, twisted, have blue-crimson color.
- Around large veins visible fine mesh of smaller vessels.
- In this stage, the expressed changes of the skin: dryness, flaking, thinning, and the appearance of pigmentation of brown color above, pierced the veins.
- From the stagnation in the veins and the lymphatic system, subcutaneous tissue begins to harden.
- The violation of power supply of 3 phases, with a consequent deterioration of the quality of the nails, loss of vegetation on the legs.
- Violation of the blood flow causes the appearance of the cyanotic hue of the legs to "feel the cold".
Treatment
In the phase of decompensation varicose veins should wear compression stockings class 3 compression or the use of elastic bandages.
Pharmacological treatment includes the courses venotonic, cardiovascular drugs. When you experience the pain recommend the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs no.
The surgical treatment in this stage of varicose veins takes place in a higher volume compared to the initial expressions of the disease. On the possibility of assigning one or the other technique, it is possible to speak only after a careful examination, to identify complications and comorbidities.
Complications
This stage of varicose veins, the patients often called the 4 degree of the disease, therefore, it is necessary to stop on the description of the symptoms. The onset of complications is due to the change of the state of the walls of the veins, in violation of the local blood flow. Insufficient nutrition of the tissues in varicose veins leads to changes in trophic. Blood vessels of the legs become more fragile, so easily are broken by a small impact that causes bleeding or adhesion elements of the blood (platelets) to the sites of damage. So, during the execution of the varicose veins you develop the following complications:
- Sores. On the skin of the legs appear to be purple-spots livid, so at this point occurs the defect of the irritated skin, jagged edges. With a surface area of ulcers may ooze a yellowish hazy liquid. If you join the infection, it is possible the appearance of pus. Is a condition difficult to treat.
- Bleeding. At this stage of varicose disease of the walls of the veins of the legs more thin and fragile. The bleeding may be associated with a further damage or occur spontaneously. The blood pours to the outside or penetrates the subcutaneous tissue.
- Thrombophlebitis. When this occurs it is a complication varicose veins the patients complain of pain in the movement interested in vienna, swelling of the foot. The limb to feel more cold. If thrombophlebitis is born into the superficial veins, localization of defeat, it is possible to determine if visas: above the hearth of inflammation, expressed with pain, appear on the skin purple-red stripes.
- Deep vein thrombosis. One of the most serious complications in the phase of decompensation. This complication and patients with varicose veins notice, not only once, as well as a blood clot does not always prevails, the mood completely. Appear pain, swelling of the legs. Vibrant skin symptoms do not. A complication to the dangerous edge of a blood clot, and arises in the branch of the pulmonary artery with rapid development of thromboembolism, from which the patient dies in a few seconds.
Treatment
Treatment of varicose veins 4 (or complications of the disease) may require hospitalization, because of the impossibility of control of the state house. The danger of this stage is to not only in the appearance of life-threatening conditions, but also in the case of recurrence, complications.
- The pharmacological treatment involves the application venotonic, cardiovascular anti-inflammatory medication.
- When you receive venous ulcers connect to local therapy, aimed to accelerate the healing of these defects of the skin, local antibiotic therapy.
- Thrombophlebitis of superficial veins pass venectomy.
- Deep vein thrombosis are treated in the hospital environment: conservative drugs, solvents, blood clot and reduce the viscosity and / or performing thrombectomy.
Important!
Bleeding of the veins varicose veins requires immediate assistance: impose a compression bandage, raise the affected limb for the opportunity to apply the ice and call an ambulance.
Also physiotherapy is recommended when complications of varicose veins:
- the exposure to uv rays;
- magnetic therapy;
- pneumomassage;
- § irudoterapia.
When the first signs of varicose veins, you should immediately seek medical help, to avoid the progression of the disease and the appearance of life-threatening complications.